Title:Creating Healthy Neighborhoods with Ann Forsyth
الیزابت هارتیگ از APA با Ann Forsyth، استاد برنامه ریزی شهری و مدیر برنامه کارشناسی ارشد برنامه ریزی شهری در دانشکده طراحی هاروارد، در مورد “ایجاد محله های سالم: برنامه ریزی و استراتژی های طراحی مبتنی بر شواهد” صحبت می کند، که فورسایت به همراه امیلی آن را نویسند. سالومون و لورا اسمید. درباره کتاب بیشتر بدانید: https://www.routledge.com/Creating-Healthy-Neighborhoods-Evidence-Based-Planning-and-Design-Strategies/Forsyth-Salomon-Smead/p/book/9781611901917
کاوش کنید که APA چگونه برای ایجاد پل بهداشت عمومی و برنامه ریزی عمل می کند: https://www.planning.org/nationalcenters/health/ (برچسب‌ها برای ترجمه
قسمتی از متن فیلم: Hi good afternoon I’m Elizabeth hardik the American Planning Association and I’m here today with an for site and as a professor of urban planning at the Harvard Graduate School of Design welcome in oh it’s good to be here so let’s start off with hearing a little
Bit more about you could you tell us a little bit about your research and how you got involved in healthy community design well the basic area of my research is to look at the social aspects of physical planning and urban development and over the years the focus
The area where I’ve looked at most of that has been in suburbs and planned communities I started off being initially interested in both how people related to places particularly housing and also in sustainability and some of my early books were about how sustainable New Towns were but of course sustainability
Is not just environmental it’s also social and economic issue and so I had crossed into the health arena quite a bit and then about 15 years ago the interest in health really blossomed particularly through Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and others being interested in the obesity crisis and that gave me
An opportunity to use the work that I’d already done on how people related to place and on sustainability to transition into engaging issues of health and I started collaborating with people from public health and I’ve had some fantastic collaborations over the years where I’ve learned a lot through
Working with people on research projects most of my research projects have been on the area of physical activity and food environments but as I worked in this field I came to realize that there was a lot more to it on one hand there are many more connections between health
And places than just physical activity and food and in the book that we’re going to talk about we point out that there are relations to do with exposures particularly exposures to bad things pollutants accidents toxics also relationships to do with connections to the people and resources you need to
Lead a healthy life and finally supports for behaviors and so that raises ranges across a wide variety of subject areas from the mental health benefits of seeing nature through to issues of air pollution and so in a second area of my research I focused on translating a current research into guidelines for
Practice and also creating tools that help planners engage the multiple areas of health in in their practice and that’s been creating health assessment tools research summaries and books like the the healthy neighborhoods book that’s fantastic so it sounds like you’re not only building the evidence base but you’re also making it easier
For planners to do their jobs on a day to day basis well that’s actually the very tricky part about it because there’s actually a huge amount of research out there broadly about the area of how health relates to place as if you put city and urban and rural into
The PubMed database one of the big research databases that’s online you get literally hundreds of thousands of references but some of them have only a very tangential relationship to the kind of work that everyday planners do so there’s actually a really important job that I think academics can do of
Translating this research into usable guidance for practice we can really help planners sift through and figure out what the balance of evidence shows figure out what is a higher quality result figure out where the sort of planning toolkit can make a difference and where other interventions are important I’d be
Was in fact when we think about our health the environment does matter of course we live in an environment and react to it but really at the base our health is related to our biology how old we are our genetics our gender the behaviors we do do weather we kind of AM
Sail down cliffs for a you know a hobby or whether we smoke and and then a number of social factors education our social connections the the networks we have the sort of opportunities we have to engage and engage information and so on and in fact if I had to tell you one
Thing to do to be healthier I’d say get educated it’s really important because then you know how to use an environment well and you know what makes a healthy behavior on the other hand environments are important and planners can have a role in creating either environments
That aren’t going to make people ill by sort of reducing exposures to sort of bad things by helping people connect to resources through transportation Universal Design and so on and also through creating supportive behavior so supportive environments so that when people want to behave in a healthy way
They want to be physically active or find healthy food or being a safe environment we’ve created an environment that will allow them to do that that’s great making the Healthy Choice the easy choice yeah I suppose so that’s it that’s actually a good way to to to look at it actually sometimes the
Healthy choice is a little less convenient than the unhealthy choice I could take the escalator or I could take the stairs it’s a little less convenient to use the stairs it’s much better for me so actually part of what we’re trying to do is both create an environment but
We also need a set of educational materials and information that help people know how to use those inverness great one certainly as a professor you have the opportunity to shape future planners what types of courses do you teach and and how are you thinking or seeing the next generation of planning
Evolve well I actually teach classes in qualitative research methods which is the most fun class I teach because it helps people look at environments and sort of analyze them systematically a class in healthy places and a class in environmental Planning but in the past I’ve also taught a lot of workshop and
Studio classes where people do practical projects and I particularly like those classes because that’s where professionals young professionals can learn how to engage communities and engage environments in terms of where education is heading it’s very interesting that in the latest revision to the accreditation criteria they added
In health as a value health has not been a criterion for judging our curriculum until now at least not a major criterion so actually from 2017 on all planning programs around the country that are accredited will need to show how health is being integrated as a value into
Their curriculum and I think that’s going to be a very interesting process to see how the various programs do that obviously those are these substantive issues to do with health to do with exposures connections and supports but there’s also issues about how we build health into the process of planning into
How we do our analyses how we frame out questions and so on and that’s a great segue to start talking about about your book your recently released book and and perhaps you could talk a little bit about processing the strategies and how you’ve incorporated that into the text well creating healthy neighborhoods was
One of three books coming out of a project that we did at Harvard over a three-year period where we were looking at how health and neighborhoods are connected one book that I co-authored with Peter oh and how you can analyze neighborhoods in China another one looked at design principles creating healthy
Neighborhoods is really a how-to manual that tries to translate this important research on on healthy neighborhoods into guidance of practice and but it’s in two sort of parts that I think make it unique in kind of the marketplace of such books the core of the book is of
Course focused on the substance of how you connect health in place we think about the vulnerable groups and how different kinds of people relate to place in different kinds of ways as a central framing principle this is a core principle for public health people and also in thinking about healthy
Neighborhoods and then we look at overall neighborhood layout connections and access and at protecting people from harmful exposures but the book begins and ends with sections on process on how to decide if health is an important issue then how to figure out what kinds of health issues are going to be most
Important in the in that particular neighborhood and at the end of the book how to implement the ideas about healthy neighborhoods and one nice thing about integrating health into urban planning is it brings a new set of partners in to the table not only people from public
Health but people who are interested in health in other fields in the environmental field or the transportation field and and and others more generally aging social work and so on and one of the nice things about health is that few very few people are against health they may be worried about
They may be not so concerned about environmental change they may think demographic issues are too difficult but most people are interested in health and so it’s actually a very good way to bring people from a lot of different value systems together to focus on a common goal of trying to make better
Places at the neighborhood level and as you’re talking about the design of the book and in terms of having process sections as well as an overarching framework um you also have lots of images and charts and graphs are you hoping that this is a book for practicing professionals then of all of
All stripes or do you think this will be for students well I’m hoping that it’s both for practicing professionals and students the book has a clear structure and could be easily used in a sort of a studio workshop format so you could go through the various sort of stages of a
Planning process and use the book in that way but we designed it to try and be as engaging as possible in doing this translation work because we’re pulling material from a lot of different fields and we wanted to make it as accessible as possible we also wanted to let the
Practitioner readers or the student readers understand some of the nuance because in some areas there are very clear kind of thresholds or standards that you can have for sort of what kind of environment you need to make so some aspects of air quality of the earthly
Sorts you know you wouldn’t want to put a childcare center within 500 metres of a freeway with the sort of current automobile technologies that we have in other areas there’s a clear relationship between health and the environment but the actual level of your exposure or the
Sort of amount of access is not known or is hard to tell so something like the mental health benefits or and the cognitive benefits and the stress reduction benefits access to nature a widely confirmed but it isn’t clear how much access to nature we need is it
Having a potted plant on your desk or is it having a wilderness experience it’s certainly sort of more towards a potted plant and but it’s actually hard to tell and then in some areas the relationship between health and place is very sensitive to the kind of person who is experiencing the environment so
For instance with physical activity working-age able-bodied adults will walk more for transportation in environments that are mixed-use high-density the things that we would call walkable but for children an environment that will increase their physical activity overall is more likely to be one that are safe and has recreational opportunities and
Then for older people there are a lot of things coming into play when an older person decides whether to be physically active they actually may have a lot of health issues that may stop them being physically active outdoors even if they’re in an environment that might be supportive of it so the relationship
Between the outdoor environment and physical activity amongst older adults is more nuanced those who are physically active may be doing yoga classes or going to gym and so on it’s it’s just not the clear relationship of able-bodied adults so we tried to use a number of those graphics to show some of
These subtle relationships and we also have driven a large collection of photographs just trying to show what it looks like on the ground in addition while it’s a book that was written in the United States and draws on much literature from the United States we actually had an international or sort of
Global perspective so that it draws on work from Europe Asia Australia and elsewhere and many it’s it’s because the neighborhood occurs in many different places and the the planning of neighborhoods has some similarities we’re also hoping that it reaches beyond the u.s. even though it sort of
Resonates with the US and I know you started you’re come your comments talking about the holistic definition of health that you’ve certainly taken on and for planners out there who maybe don’t immediately see themselves as public health practitioners or aren’t quite sure how to make the connection between mental
Health and the work that they do do you have any advice or could you talk a little bit more about the importance of social connection or product providing that type of support well there’s actually a few ways that planners can make those connections there’s a sort of
Connection in terms of the substance but also in terms of their workplaces one of the problems with planning in the United States with making connections to health is actually being institutional because in many places planning occurs at one level of government and the public health agency is at a different level of
Government and so you have a city planning agency in a County Health Department for instance and so not only do you have to reach across field you actually have to reach across government agencies and that makes it really difficult to make those connections but there are many people in public health
Who are looking for ways to make a difference so it’s important to see who you can reach out to in health because there’s probably a willing partner somewhere but it can be difficult if you have to go beyond your your area in addition public health people do a
Lot of research fairly routinely they do community health needs assessments and so on where they survey folks and look at the regional area some of those actually include planning topics but many actually focus very narrowly on a traditional range of public health issues reaching out to those folks and
Collaborating on some of the data collection can be a terrific way that you can inject some planning ideas into the health topics health research but also get data well thank you so much and for taking the time to talk more about your work and for introducing your new book creating healthy neighborhoods evident
Based planning and design strategies
ID: Xo-v-6uk15c
Time: 1511978609
Date: 2017-11-29 21:33:29
Duration: 00:17:55
