Title:Epidemiologist/Disaster Researcher Jennifer Horney Gives Planners Tips on Responding to COVID-19
دکتر جنیفر هورنی، اپیدمیولوژیست و محقق بلایای طبیعی در دانشگاه دلاور، تخصص خود را در مورد برخی از سوالات ضروری بهداشت عمومی آورده است: برنامه ریزان چگونه می توانند هنگام کار در محل در طول همه گیری همه گیر از خود محافظت کنند؟ با نگاهی بلندمدت تر، شباهت های بلایایی مانند طوفان چیست و برنامه ریزان چگونه می توانند از چالش های ارائه شده توسط COVID-19 بیاموزند؟ چگونه برنامه‌ریزان می‌توانند در حال و آینده به عنوان متحد برای متخصصان پزشکی و بهداشت عمومی عمل کنند؟ Jo Peña از APA با دکتر Horney در مورد این مسائل و موارد دیگر صحبت می کند. برای برنامه‌ریزی منابع در مورد همه‌گیری ویروس کرونا، از: https://www.planning.org/resources/covid-19/ (برچسب‌ها برای ترجمه )دکتر. جنیفر هورنی
قسمتی از متن فیلم: Hello and thank you for joining us today for an interview with dr. Jennifer horny dr. Mooney is a professor and founding director of the program epidemiology and core faculty at the disaster Research Center at the University of Delaware she is worked with public agencies globally on disasters emerging infectious disease
Outbreaks and pandemic influenza planning and response most recently her perspective on flow mid-nineteen has been shared on national platforms including CNN Business Insider and LiveScience Jennifer thank you so much for joining us today thank you for having me yeah we’ve got lots of questions today hoping to identify the connection
Between Epidemiology and planning to kick off the conversation we’re curious to know what is epidemiology and how does your work connect with disaster preparedness response and recovery so epidemiology is really the study of the distribution of diseases in populations and so public health as the science was really closely linked
Historically with urban planning because we had what we call the public health transition when we started to develop cities that were cleaner and try to prevent infectious diseases by having more infrastructure and services in place so really in terms of disasters we think about what the health impacts
Might be and then we also think about how things like plans could mitigate health impacts so if we had a better quality Hazard Mitigation plan or a better quality recovery plan could we protect people from the types of injuries and diseases that we see that are both the direct and indirect result
Of having an exposure to a disaster working at the University of Delaware’s disaster Research Center means that you basically live and breathe the topic that’s been dominating the news and everyone’s mind for the past several weeks what’s it like to observe koban nineteen’s impact on communities so this has been
Really interesting to me because I’m actually teaching a class in outbreak investigation this semester so before classes even started I was emailing my students that curves from China asking them to look at the distribution of cases and he who had different exposures so while I’ve been trying to make the course not completely
About kovat it’s sort of hard to think of covering other types of outbreaks which are always occurring around the world so for example just in the last week we thought that the Ebola outbreak that’s been going on in the DRC for several years was under control and recently additional cases have been
Reported so my students asked if we could talk about what will covin 19 might play in that and I think we’ve also seen recently tornadoes impacting the southeastern United States and so if we think about things like cascading disasters and complex disasters what does it look like to be recovering from
A tornado during a time of covin 19 so we don’t have that sort of social connection that we frequently look to during recovery from a natural disaster because we’ve been asked to be socially distant from our friends and neighbors and so I think that’s been one of the
Most difficult things for people is that we don’t have any other epidemiologic tools to address this pandemic besides these non-pharmaceutical interventions so we don’t have a treatment you don’t have a vaccine and so we have to rely on individuals and communities to really take seriously first we started with the individual
Level the hand-washing not touching your face and then moving on to the community level non-pharmaceutical interventions like closing schools closing non-essential businesses cancelling gatherings of large groups so I think that’s one of the most interesting questions is how communities are operating when we basically told them
That they can’t be part of a community in order to be able to fight the spread of kovat can you tell us more about your collaboration of planning agencies in California how did this collaboration come about well I’m probably the only epidemiologist you had an urban planner on their dissertation committee so I
Studied how people make decisions related to evacuation from hurricanes and so I’ve worked with planners for a long time and and learned a lot about how planning can impact post-disaster health conditions and so I had reached been reached out to you by some planning groups that were concerned
Because in most states construction is still considered an essential business and so construction is still ongoing even on campuses that are completely closed you still have construction and so the fact that construction is ongoing means that people who are in jobs like building inspectors or in planning departments are still needing to work
Both on site and in the office to ensure that those projects are progressing safely and within code and so they asked me just to kind of talk about the basic epidemiology of code and to answer some questions from people who were concerned that their requirement to continue
Working they expose them to a Copeland 19 what are some of the biggest means that you’ve observed during this project and how could those translate to needs for planners across the US so I think that the most essential need has been finding science-based information and so
We get a lot of different types of advice from different agencies and not all of it is based in science and it’s hard to know what the right thing to do is so for example I think previously the science has told us that surgical masks and hand sewn masks are not actually
Very effective and should primarily be used by people who are sick or symptomatic to prevent them from spreading that to other people who they’re around and so now we’ve moved into a time when people are saying you know what everyone should wear a mask when we’re out we’re not really sure
About the data and evidence for how protective it is but we know that there’s both a social benefit in terms of people feeling that they’re being respected and protect you and then there’s also sort of a psychological benefit and that people it’s been something that people have come together around I think it’s
Important that perhaps in some occupations people may already understand types of personal protective equipment or types of protective actions they might be taking so for example not knowing much about the day-to-day world of planners and inspectors but if you know you’re gonna be on site and there
Are chemicals or dusts or other things that you might be exposed to then you may already be used the things like you know wearing a mask or wearing gloves or leaving your clothes outside instead of bringing them inside to your family so I think if we rely on the things that we
Know that we do for the exposures that we already know about it’s easier to think about building on those known habits and those known operating procedures than to think oh we’re starting completely from scratch because this is a novel pandemic yeah prior to this interview you shared a really helpful document outlining
Recommendations for people in the hotel industry on how they might be able to improve guests and staff safety are there any key points that planners should keep in mind so that they can reduce their risk of exposure I think that we should probably be exploring how many things could be done virtually so
Are there ways that inspections can maybe be done over FaceTime or using some type of video conferencing system like we’re all getting very accustomed to doing certainly I’m sure that offices are being restructured in such a way to prevent close contact among workers or among people who may be coming in
Requesting permits or services or other types of things like that so again I think that those individual level social distancing type non-pharmaceutical interventions that we’ve asked people to do you know frequently cleaning the surfaces washing our hands not touching our face and really also the thing that we ask you
To do a lot and sometimes we’re not that good at doing it is staying home when we’re sick so really taking seriously the idea that we need to isolate when we’re sick and we need to quarantine if we think we may have been exposed to or had contact with someone who is infected
One thing that comes to mind is a disaster response in long-term planning oftentimes operate on different scales as we start to think about transitioning back to normal what are some things that planners should keep in mind as they engage and more long-term planning activities to protect themselves and
Also to protect their communities so I think after a disaster is a great time for planners to really shine we know that we’re going to need to revamp all of the planning that we’ve been doing that maybe was focused more on a different type of threat we’re gonna
Have to read those hazard assessments and rethink our risk assessments to factor in this idea of a pandemic maybe a little more prominently than it was before and I think one thing that is definitely going to be true in this recovery is that it’s going to be very long so we’re
Going to see as we are able to meet the requirements that are being put in place by w-h-o and by the governors of the different states as we’re able to meet those requirements to begin to open I think we’re going to see a very slow relaxation of the current emergency
Guidelines that we have and we’re going to see those happen maybe on a regional basis so one thing I think is really interesting is that there are now three regional compacts of Governors public health officials and economic development officials who are working on reopening as a region because we can’t
Imagine that you know Chicago will be able to reopen at a completely different time than Milwaukee there’s just too much connection between them being here in Delaware we’re a small state in between Pennsylvania and New Jersey so it would make sense that we have to work under
Level and I think so I think we’ll see a slow relaxation of the social distancing measures and it’s going to take a long time we’re gonna have to come in and out of that because we’re going to see cases as we begin to relax those measures and
We have to ensure that we have the capacity for the testing and the treatment and the isolation and Quarantine of those cases to protect the larger population is there anything that you’ve learned for natural disasters like floods that might have parallels with this pandemic and what are some of
The lessons that planners might be able to draw from this I think one of the most difficult parts about the pandemic has been that we’ve had widespread impacts across the u.s. so typically even in a major disaster like hurricane sandy or Hurricane Katrina only one region of the country is affected and so
Other people are able to provide mutual aid whether that is through having evacuation shelters or whether that is sending in resources personnel medical materiel so this has been really challenging because everyone has been hit pretty much at the same time although of course you know we saw the
Earliest cases in Washington we saw large clusters in New York and in other settings it’s been difficult for people to imagine how they might provide mutual aid to others I think the other really big thing from disasters and planning that I’ve taken from this is what we call in disaster research the false
Expectation paradox and so that is when we have a close call with a natural disaster so maybe a hurricane is forecast to make landfall near us but at the last minute it veers away and so the impacts are not that substantial we tend to underestimate the risk from future
Events and so for the last 15 years or so we’ve had a couple of pandemics including avian influenza and then the novel influenza h1n1 and 2009 and we’ve also had some emerging diseases like Zika and Ebola and none of them have turned out to be super serious to a widespread proportion of the
Population of the United States so with h1n1 you know there was a lot of concern about that but then we had Tamiflu in place and we knew that that could work to reduce the the length of the symptoms and the severity and then after a few months we realized that the
Infection was not so severe and so by the time the fall came and in vaccination was available we had a lot of data and understanding of that so with this being a brand new novel coronavirus I think we have that that problem that we really weren’t expecting
This because the last few times we’ve dealt with a pandemic or novel disease it’s sort of had given us that false expectation that we’d be able to deal with it pretty effectively so maybe it’s time in terms of planning to think again to think a little bit more outside the
Box to really revisit our our hazard assessments and to really rethink what our levels of risk are particularly from something that would be impacting all areas of the country at once I think that’s a really great segue into the next question which we’re curious you know what are some opportunities for
Planners to serve as allies to health professionals like yourself so I think it’s really important to leverage the expertise of planners in terms of a lot of things we do develop things like continuity of operations plans or pandemic influenza plans as part of Public Health preparedness but we don’t
Have a lot of touch points in with the other network of plans that govern things like business development or things like Hazard Mitigation so I think that’s a limitation and how we operate in that we should have been thinking as we had a pandemic plan how does this
Link in with business development are there things that might be able to be shifted for example that would need to be open because of the health sector response that could be taken from an area of the business any that might be impacted in a very
Severe way so I’m not sure what any of those things are at this point but I think broadening this idea of how a network of plans can work together across a community to make them more prepared and more resilient that from the planning side maybe planners need to
Think to include more people from public health and hospitals in their discussions and in their plan making that insure that they are not only a participant but an active participant and on the flipside those from the healthcare sector who are making these plans to continue operations during a
Pandemic need to be thinking about the expertise that we have from the planning sector and how that might improve the quality of the plans that we make in the healthcare sector are there any resources that you would like to share with planners who might be interested in
Learning more about this topic the CDC has developed guidelines for many different professions and many different population groups and they’re constantly adding to those and so they do have guidelines for a number of settings and so I think it’s always useful to check and determine if those guidelines even
If they aren’t exactly for planners maybe they’re for a different type of profession or a different type of group that the planners might be represented by where can you learn more about your work so the disaster Research Center at the University of Delaware is one of the oldest disaster research centers in the
Country and it’s a place where you can find a lot of information about cutting-edge research and response to disasters they’re actually coordinating a large qualitative study as to better understand the societal impacts of kovat which I think will be a really unique contribution to this literature Jennifer thanks again for joining us and
It’s been a pleasure speaking with you and learning more about your work and also how epidemiology can connect with planning thank you
ID: HLm1jU7rtJ0
Time: 1589226531
Date: 2020-05-12 00:18:51
Duration: 00:17:44
